Adventus
"I would like to say 'This book is written to the glory of God', but nowadays this would be the trick of a cheat, i.e., it would not be correctly understood."--Ludwig Wittgenstein
"Life can only be understood backwards, but it must be lived forwards."--Soren Kierkegaard
Saturday, December 06, 2025
First Saturday of Advent 2025: St. Nicholas' Day

SAINT Nicholas. Day of death: (according to the martyrology) December 6, about 360. Grave: originally at Myra; since 1087 at Sari in Italy. Life (highly legendary): Nicholas was born at Patara in Asia Minor to parents who, having long been childless, had petitioned God with many prayers. Already as a youth Nicholas became noted for his zeal in helping the unfortunate and oppressed. In his native city there lived a poor nobleman who had three marriageable daughters; he could not obtain a suitor for them because he could offer no dowry. The contemptible idea struck him to sacrifice the innocence of his daughters to gain the needed money. When Nicholas became aware of this, he went by night and threw a bag containing as much gold as was needed for a dowry through the window. This he repeated the second and third nights. During a sea voyage he calmed the storm by his prayer; he is therefore venerated as patron of sailors. On a certain occasion he was imprisoned for the faith. In a wonderful way he later became bishop of Myra; his presence is noted at the Council of Nicaea. He died a quiet death in his episcopal city, uttering the words: "Into your hands I commend my spirit."Nicholas is highly venerated in the East as a miracle worker, as "preacher of the word of God, spokesman of the Father."
Gift giving and Christmas are tightly connected. In Italy it is La Befana, an old woman, who brings gifts to children. It's based on a legend that the Magi stopped at her house on the way to Bethlehem, and she treated them hospitably. There are all kinds of legends around Christmas, including those involving St. Nicholas “(highly legendary)".
"What keeps you from giving now? Isn't the poor person there? Aren't your own warehouses full? Isn't the reward promised? The command is clear: the hungry person is dying now, the naked person is freezing now, the person in debt is beaten now-and you want to wait until tomorrow? "I'm not doing any harm," you say. "I just want to keep what I own, that's all." You own! You are like someone who sits down in a theater and keeps everyone else away, saying that what is there for everyone's use is your own. . . . If everyone took only what they needed and gave the rest to those in need, there would be no such thing as rich and poor. After all, didn't you come into life naked, and won't you return naked to the earth?
"The bread in your cupboard belongs to the hungry person; the coat hanging unused in your closet belongs to the person who needs it; the shoes rotting in your closet belong to the person with no shoes; the money which you put in the bank belongs to the poor. You do wrong to everyone you could help, but fail to help."
4th Century
"The large rooms of which you are so proud are in fact your shame. They are big enough to hold crowds--and also big enough to shut out the voices of the poor....There is your sister or brother, naked, crying! And you stand confused over the choice of an attractive floor covering."Ambrose
4th Century
So [John] would say to the crowds that came to be baptized by him, "You spawn of Satan! Who warned you to flee from the impending doom? Well then, start producing fruits suitable for a change of heart, and don't even start saying to yourselves, 'We have Abraham as our father.' Let me tell you, God can raise up children for Abraham right out of these rocks. Even now the axe is almost at the roote of the trees. Every tree not producing choice fruit gets cut down and tossed into the fire."The crowds would ask him, "So what should we do?"And he would answer them, "Whoever has two shirts should share with someone who has non; whoever has food should do the same."
Friday, December 05, 2025
The Emperor Is Not Only Naked
He’s a toddler with a shotgun. And the world knows it, even if we can’t say it.Mockler: It's honestly humiliating that other countries are treating our president like a child, like a baby. It's like if I created a peace prize and I gave it to myself. I'm like, I'm just going to keep this medal on all night. Our president is an actual child and other… pic.twitter.com/oIC40WaXIh
— Acyn (@Acyn) December 6, 2025
I wonder if he’ll sleep with it?…and he put it on himself 😂 pic.twitter.com/QpQCYGcXmm
— Great White North 🍁🇨🇦 (@MadeInCanada_eh) December 6, 2025
It’s a fair question. If Trump is not repudiated by the Congress (the only body that can do it), what keeps the next President from doing what he did? Especially when a Republican returns to the White House? What’s the check then? Not getting re-elected? That’s hardly enough, is it?Mockler: Do you not see the slippery slope when the president is able to give and receive gifts in a very transactional way? Like, what if there is a Democratic president who's in power next and he's not as favorable to a company that you care about? pic.twitter.com/l9iuJacTz4
— Acyn (@Acyn) December 6, 2025
Because Mockler is right.Trump: We’re the hottest country anywhere in the world. I said it this morning. We had a lot of the world’s leaders there. Nobody stood up and objected. Nobody smiled. Nobody rolled their eyes. pic.twitter.com/C0g2q65AfM
— Acyn (@Acyn) December 6, 2025
Already, telling the truth is indistinguishable from mockery:I’m setting the betting line that there will now be at least 25 different organizations that present Trump with a peace prize in 2026.
— Ron Filipkowski (@RonFilipkowski) December 6, 2025
WOW! AN HONOR! — GCN pic.twitter.com/93QmN531X5
— Governor Newsom Press Office (@GovPressOffice) December 6, 2025
excited to award my kids the Burger King Peace Prize this weekend pic.twitter.com/B0SarJuREq
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 5, 2025
Is This Guy A CEO Because He Always Behaves This Way?
Or does he behave this way because he’s on drugs?The CEO of Palantir. pic.twitter.com/6Q7fvcoiI6
— Ron Filipkowski (@RonFilipkowski) December 5, 2025
“WE’RE THE SUPREME COURT, BITCHES!”
Scathing dissent from Justice Kagan:
— Kyle Griffin (@kylegriffin1) December 4, 2025
"[T]his Court reverses that judgment based on its perusal, over a holiday weekend, of a cold paper record. We are a higher court than the District Court, but we are not a better one when it comes to making such a fact-based decision. That is… https://t.co/w4SIldTmfS
Scathing dissent from Justice Kagan:There was nothing wrong with the district court’s opinion. The majority just didn’t like it.
"[T]his Court reverses that judgment based on its perusal, over a holiday weekend, of a cold paper record. We are a higher court than the District Court, but we are not a better one when it comes to making such a fact-based decision. That is why we are supposed to use a clear-error standard of review—why we are supposed to uphold the District Court’s decision that race-based line-drawing occurred (even if we would have ruled differently) so long as it is plausible. Without so much as a word about that standard, this Court today announces that Texas may run next year's elections with a map the District Court found to have violated all our oft-repeated strictures about the use of race in districting. Today's order disrespects the work of a District Court that did everything one could ask to carry out its charge—that put aside every consideration except getting the issue before it right. And today's order disserves the millions of Texans whom the District Court found were assigned to their new districts based on their race. Because this Court's precedents and our Constitution demand better, I respectfully dissent."
December 5 Krampusnacht
Speaking of “gloom of night…”
It’s finally a small pillow and an addition to the Xmas decor at Chez Adventus. And it’s still a little happier sentiment than this one:
Krampus, in central European popular legend, a half-goat, half-demon monster that punishes misbehaving children at Christmastime. He is the devilish companion of St. Nicholas. Krampus is believed to have originated in Germany, and his name derives from the German word Krampen, which means “claw.”Krampus was thought to have been part of pagan rituals for the winter solstice. According to legend, he is the son of Hel, the Norse god of the underworld. With the spread of Christianity, Krampus became associated with Christmas—despite efforts by the Catholic church to ban him. The creature and St. Nicholas are said to arrive on the evening of December 5 (Krampusnacht; “Krampus Night”). While St. Nicholas rewards nice children by leaving presents, Krampus beats those who are naughty with branches and sticks. In some cases, he is said to eat them or take them to hell. On December 6, St. Nicholas Day, children awaken to find their gifts or nurse their injuries.Festivities involving Krampus include the Krampuslauf (“Krampus run”). In this activity, which often involves alcohol, people dressed as the creature parade through streets, scaring spectators and sometimes chasing them. Beginning in the late 20th century, amid efforts to preserve cultural heritage, Krampus runs became increasingly popular in Austria and Germany. During this time Krampus began to be celebrated internationally, and the monster’s growing appeal was evidenced by numerous horror films. Some claimed that the expanding popularity of Krampus was a reaction to the commercialization of Christmas.
Britannica (an on-line source I find more trustworthy than most.)
That last line gives me reason enough to support the revival (or spread) of Krampus. And even, at 70, seek out a Krampuslauf.
Appropriately, Krampusnacht is the eve of St. Nicholas' Day. (Like Hallowe’en is the eve of All Saints.) Not everything in December happens on Christmas Eve, after all. La Befana is an old woman (or witch, in some tellings; two conditions that often appear alike) who brings gifts to children in Italy on Epiphany Eve (Epiphany being the original date/reason (?) for Xmas gift giving. I wouldn't lean too hard on that latter, but it is interesting how many different days for recieving gifts existed in Christian Europe.) In some representations, she drops gifts down the chimney, a la St. Nick. Or the “real” St. Nicholas, who threw the gold through the window. 🪟
(I have a lot of this stuff I haven’t framed.)
I admire the idea of Krampus. American stories about Santa Claus leaving coal in stockings (or switches) always struck me as lame because, of course that never happened! But Krampus! Now there's a punisher with some teeth! Literally! Santa may know who's been naughty or nice, but Krampus stands for accountability!
And we all like accountability. At least when it applies to thee, and not to me!
And accountability is not to be downplayed in a spiritual—which is to say at least, practicing humility— preparation for Christmas.
First Friday of Advent 2025
Matthew 24:36-44
The sudden coming of salvation
24:36 "But about that day and hour no one knows, neither the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.
24:37 For as the days of Noah were, so will be the coming of the Son of Man.
24:38 For as in the days before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day Noah entered the ark,
24:39 and they knew nothing until the flood came and swept them all away, so, too, will be the coming of the Son of Man.
24:40 Then two will be in the field; one will be taken, and one will be left.
24:41 Two women will be grinding meal together; one will be taken, and one will be left.
24:42 Keep awake, therefore, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming.
24:43 But understand this: if the owner of the house had known in what part of the night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into.
24:44 Therefore you also must be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.
But understand this: if the owner of the house had known in what part of the night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into.The question you should be asking is: What the hell does that mean?
Thursday, December 04, 2025
The Stupid, It Burns
Why does it look like he’s sitting in the engine room of ST:OS? (No, I’m not addressing his statement. It doesn’t deserve it.)omg pic.twitter.com/pPfg8oAcgs
— George Conway ⚖️🇺🇸 (@gtconway3d) December 4, 2025
When you don’t know whether to laugh, or cry.Sounds like … a good argument? 😵💫😬 pic.twitter.com/hrQ6sffaK9
— George Conway ⚖️🇺🇸 (@gtconway3d) December 4, 2025
Alright, now I can laugh.NEWS - A federal grand jury in Norfolk, Virginia, refused to indict New York Attorney General Letitia James for alleged mortgage fraud on Thursday, sources said, rejecting DOJ's attempt to refile the case just ten days after a federal judge dismissed an earlier case based on the…
— Katherine Faulders (@KFaulders) December 4, 2025
Sprouting shoots of normal accountability functions: (i) an IG report critical of Sec Def; (ii) serious congressional engagement with the Venezuela boat strikes; (iii) a change in DOD protocols, presumably sparked by internal legal concerns, to rescue rather than kill…
— Jack Goldsmith (@jacklgoldsmith) December 4, 2025
Sprouting shoots of normal accountability functions: (i) an IG report critical of Sec Def; (ii) serious congressional engagement with the Venezuela boat strikes; (iii) a change in DOD protocols, presumably sparked by internal legal concerns, to rescue rather than kill first-strike survivors.Is our children learning?
But! “War”! “Narco-Terrorists”!!Franklin The RPG-Totin’ Turtle!”
Lawmakers are apparently being shown the full video of the Sept 2 boat strikes in their meetings with Adm Bradley and Gen Caine.
— Natasha Bertrand (@NatashaBertrand) December 4, 2025
HIMES: “what I saw in that room was one of the most troubling things I’ve seen in my time in public service…you have two individuals and clear…
Lawmakers are apparently being shown the full video of the Sept 2 boat strikes in their meetings with Adm Bradley and Gen Caine.
HIMES: “what I saw in that room was one of the most troubling things I’ve seen in my time in public service…you have two individuals and clear distress, without any means of locomotion, with a destroyed vessel, were killed by the United States.”
2/ “Smith said the video shows two men, sitting without shirts, atop a portion of a capsized boat that was still above water. ...
— Ryan Goodman (@rgoodlaw) December 4, 2025
... He called it a 'highly questionable decision that these two people on that obviously incapacitated vessel were still in any kind of fight.'” pic.twitter.com/FQuayOS61l
4/
— Ryan Goodman (@rgoodlaw) December 4, 2025
Rep. Smith said that Hegseth’s declared mission “was, ‘Destroy the drugs, kill all 11 people on board.’”
Rep. Smith: “It is not that inaccurate to say that the rules of engagement from Hegseth were, ‘Kill all 11 people on that boat.’” pic.twitter.com/eySrGmwlut
"Just a little bit more than the law will allow.” Maybe. Depends on who enforces the law.6/ source:
— Ryan Goodman (@rgoodlaw) December 4, 2025
interview with @GregTSargent https://t.co/CXkYWmkINM
How many people are going to pay for this? And how many aren’t?Collins: CNN has exclusive reporting tonight from sources with direct knowledge of those briefings that the admiral told them that the two survivors in the water did not appear to have radio or other communications devices. pic.twitter.com/DFLerUOL8O
— Acyn (@Acyn) December 5, 2025
It’s Not Racism If It Isn’t Blatant Enough
Only when six people say it is:
'This court's stay, this court's decision today guarantees that Texas's new map, with all its enhanced partisan advantage, will govern next year's elections for the House of Representatives. That result, as this Court has pronounced year in and year out, is a violation of the Constitution.'Violation of the Constitution is such a harsh term when there are ambiguities present:
Texas is likely to succeed on the merits of its claim that the District Court committed at least two serious errors. First, the District Court failed to honor the presumption of legislative good faith by construing ambiguous direct and circumstantial evidence against the legislature. Contra, Alexander v. South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP, 602 U. S. 1, 10 (2024).Texas said the districts were redrawn based on race. Then realized that wasn’t so good, so argued in court that they didn’t really mean that. Which apparently created an ambiguity sufficient for the majority to decide the case without further ado, like, you know, full briefings and oral arguments.
A Station Wagon In Every Driveway!
Pretty sure consumers made the choice to switch from station wagons to minivans about 40 years ago. And then to SUV’s from minivans.Make these cars great again pic.twitter.com/m2QbCIoCZ1
— B E A N Z: Tackling The Backlog 🎮 (@BeanzGotGamez) December 4, 2025
Trump’s economy is the best! A station wagon in every driveway!"There does seem to be very much a parallel between a hurricane coming to town and CBP agents coming to town."
— Home of the Brave (@OfTheBraveUSA) December 4, 2025
Trump's occupation of New Orleans is destroying the city, with immigration agents harassing locals, intimidating tourists, and shuttering small businesses. pic.twitter.com/8RhNqmW9gt
None Dare Call It Racism
NYTimes on BlueSky:NAVY CHIEF: “ICE detained an active duty Navy Sailor in uniform bc they refused to accept his military ID… I had to tell my sailors if you look Hispanic or African, carry your passport… you risk your life for 🇺🇸 then get harassed for how you look- this is Making America Great?”… pic.twitter.com/GForueJ9U9
— The Tennessee Holler (@TheTNHoller) December 4, 2025
President Trump on Tuesday delivered blatantly xenophobic public remarks, which included attacking Somali immigrants in Minnesota and calling them “garbage.”Question for the NYT style sheet: is “xenophobic” a synonym for “racist,” or nah? Would it be racist to say “All Belgians are miserable, fat bastards,” or just xenophobic?
Listen to "The Daily."
Advent And Obscenity
I will, as you’ve already seen, repeat this sentiment from time to time. Not too often, I hope, because the words are offensive, and are meant to be. I think of them as a contemporary version of the apocalyptic literature of Daniel and Revelation; or Mary’s Magnificat. It is meant to offend, in other words; but in a way that shakes us awake. Too much repetition, and it would dull and lose value. It’s pepper; and you don’t need too much of it.
First Thursday of Advent 2025
Salvation is near; wake from sleep
13:11 Besides this, you know what time it is, how it is already the moment for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we became believers;
13:12 the night is far gone; the day is near. Let us then throw off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light;
13:13 let us walk decently as in the day, not in reveling and drunkenness, not in illicit sex and licentiousness, not in quarreling and jealousy.
13:14 Instead, put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.
“Just One Side”
Reporter: If it is found that survivors were actually killed while clinging onto that boat, should Secretary Hegseth, Admiral Bradley, or others be punished?
— Acyn (@Acyn) December 3, 2025
Trump: I think you're going to find that this is war, that these people were killing our people by the millions… pic.twitter.com/9nKgENchXj
Reporter: If it is found that survivors were actually killed while clinging onto that boat, should Secretary Hegseth, Admiral Bradley, or others be punished?This many millions?
Trump: I think you're going to find that this is war, that these people were killing our people by the millions actually..
Reporter: So you support the decision to kill survivors?
Trump: I support the decision to knock out the boats, and whoever is piloting those boats, they're guilty of trying to kill people in our country.
'Cause that would be almost 1/3rd of the country. I think we’d notice. And the country doesn’t “find” it is at war. It declares war; even if it is attacked first.Hundreds of millions. Wow, that's a lot. That's more than have died in every single war combined in the entire world since 1900. https://t.co/JmCT8jqnID
— Ron Filipkowski (@RonFilipkowski) December 2, 2025
The people on the boats aren’t real people to Trump. He only regards the kingpins as humans worthy of respect.By the way, the real drug traffickers aren’t on the boats. Those are just mules getting paid a few bucks. Trump doesn’t go after the real kingpins, he either leaves them alone or pardons them.
— Ron Filipkowski (@RonFilipkowski) December 3, 2025
And worse:Trump goes on another racist rant about Somalis: "Ilhan Omar should be thrown the hell out of our country, and most of those people -- they have destroyed Minnesota. It's a hellhole right now. Those Somalians should be out of here. They have destroyed out country ... go back to… pic.twitter.com/KZ88tqJaBh
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
full text of Trump's latest gutter racist rant about Somalis: "I wouldn't be proud to have the largest Somalian-- look at their nation. Look how bad their nation is. It's not even a nation. It's just people walking around killing each other. Look, these Somalians have taken… pic.twitter.com/SHhBw9ZQvY
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
full text of Trump's latest gutter racist rant about Somalis: "I wouldn't be proud to have the largest Somalian-- look at their nation. Look how bad their nation is. It's not even a nation. It's just people walking around killing each other. Look, these Somalians have taken billions of dollars out of our country. Billions and billions. They have a representative, Ilhan Omar, who they say married her brother. It's a fraud. She tries to deny it now but you can't really deny it because it just happened. She shouldn't be allowed to be a congresswoman and I'm sure people are looking at that. And she should be thrown the hell out of our country. They have destroyed Minnesota. You have an incompetent governor, you have a crooked governor. Walz should be ashamed. That beautiful land, that beautiful state. It's a hellhole right now. And those Somalians should be out of here. They've destroyed our country. And all they do is complain, complain, complain. You have her -- she's always talking about 'the Constitution provides me with uhhhh.' Go back to your own country and figure out your Constitution. All she does is complain about this country and without this country she would not be in very good shape. She probably wouldn't be alive right now. Somalia is considered by many to be the worst country on earth. I don't know. I haven't been there, I won't be there anytime soon I hope. But what these Somalian people have done to Minnesota is not even believable. And a lot of it starts with the governor. A lot of it starts with Barack Hussein Obama because that's when people started coming in. And you have to have people come in that are gonna love our country, cherish our country, they want to kiss our country goodnight. They talk about our country, we want them to pray for our country. This is not the people living in Minnesota. And she's a disaster. Her friends shouldn't even be allowed to be congresspeople. They shouldn't even be allowed to be congresspeople, because they don't represent the interests of our country."But, you know, that’s just one side. 🙄
Apparently Tom Emmer only represents white people.Tom Emmer pushes racist lies on Fox: "80% of the crimes being committed in the Twin Cities and Minnesota are being committed by Somalis" pic.twitter.com/cLwhiyZREE
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
And it still makes as much sense as lowering drug prices by 700%. But we can’t talk about that, either.He’s told this “tariff shelf” Sir story for like 6 months but it always supposedly just happened every time he tells it. https://t.co/6XS2nM97uB
— Ron Filipkowski (@RonFilipkowski) December 3, 2025
Maybe because it’s not racism, this could get more attention.If you are wealthy in Trump’s America, you can commit any crime you want with zero consequences. https://t.co/MGC0bSX4dh pic.twitter.com/9vPMOEpGQy
— Ron Filipkowski (@RonFilipkowski) December 4, 2025
He also knows he can do fuck-all about it.Trump attacked Colorado Governor Jared Polis for refusing to spring Tina Peters out of jail pic.twitter.com/PUjtPs19Qz
— PatriotTakes 🇺🇸 (@patriottakes) December 4, 2025
Wednesday, December 03, 2025
So It Is Just Racism And Xenophobia
Ilhan Omar: "Over 90% of Minnesota Somalis are citizens of this country ... a lot of Somalis when Trump first got elected decided to carry a passport ID because they knew he wasn't only coming for people who are undocumented, that he would come for immigrants who are citizens." pic.twitter.com/Kd1PnvWozo
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
Ilhan Omar points out that Tom Emmer -- who this morning pushed racist lies about Somalis on Fox -- actually has a lot of Somali constituents pic.twitter.com/EUVlM3S4nR
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
MS NOW: Are you getting any support from Republican colleagues saying this kind of rhetoric isn't okay?
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
ILHAN OMAR: No. And it isn't surprising because the Republicans have bent the knee. They've welcomed his disgusting rhetoric. I'm not expecting any of them to develop a… pic.twitter.com/NXrvW5Z8lT
Ilhan Omar: "He's always been a racist, a bigot, xenophobic, and Islamophobic. We know that he called African nations 'shit holes' during his first administration. We know that when he came down that escalator, he said he was going to stop Muslim immigration ... most of us are… pic.twitter.com/vFlwchrMk2
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
Trump hates Ilhan Omar because she's an intelligent, competent, and eloquent (in the best sense!) woman of color. And he has the vocabulary (and sensibilities) of a third-grader.This vile hate speech is dangerous.
— Ayanna Pressley (@AyannaPressley) December 3, 2025
The repeated targeting of @IlhanMN not only puts her and her family at risk, but also every Somali, every woman in hijab, every Muslim, and every woman of color.
Shameful.https://t.co/mYj2wGf8QJ
None dare call it racism.MS NOW reporter presents Trump's shameful racism towards Somalis as merely "a different view" pic.twitter.com/QsT8CRDF5b
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) December 3, 2025
Justice Kavanaugh Assures Us…
... her 4th Amendment rights were only bruised, but not seriously violated.Agents conducting immigration traffic stops in Key Largo Wednesday pulled this woman, who is wearing medical scrubs, from her car as she screamed she is a U.S. citizen. Agent cuffed her and put her in one of their cars. She was eventually let go. By David Goodhue/Miami Herald. pic.twitter.com/hN83QWfQfW
— David Goodhue (@DavidGoodhue) December 3, 2025
The Worthy Poor
A Christmas message from the Trump Administration.“For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me”
— Veronica Escobar (@vgescobar) December 3, 2025
Matthew 25:35-36 https://t.co/MkFPjnTkr3
American Xmas

Let's get this out of the way. Not my first rodeo (or post of this), but can't hurt to make it a "tradition."
In the Apostolical times the Feast of the Nativity was not observed....It can never be proved that Christ was born on December 25....The New Testament allows of no stated Holy-Day but the Lords-day...It was in compliance with the Pagan saturnalia that Christmas Holy-dayes were first invented. The manner of Christmas-keeping, as generally observed, is highly dishonorable to the name of Christ.
“If it had been the will of God that the several acts of Christ should have been celebrated with several solemnities, the Holy Ghost would have made known to us the day of his nativity, circumcision, presentation in the temple, baptism, transfiguration, and the like.” . . . . “This opinion of Christ’s nativity on the 25th day of December was bred at Rome.”

The fact is, Christmas as we know it and celebrate it in America, is pretty much an invention of the market place, and has only and ever tangentially been related to Christmas as a religious observance, as the "Christ Mass" held to honor the birth of the Savior. It's more like the two celebrations occur coincidentally at the same time of year, than that one is a vulgar and degrading corruption of the Platonic ideal of the other. Dickens has Scrooge attend church on Christmas morning, a changed man. It's not that Christmas fell on a Sunday that month, but that Christmas was a holy day throughout Europe. Look back up at what Increase Mather said; there was never such an observance in America. Even today, most non-Catholic (and Episcopalian?) churches in America close on Sunday when that's Xmas Day. Once you understand all that, the picture becomes much clearer; or perhaps darker.
If you want to understand how Christmas got started in America, consider the example of the European Feast of Fools. As New Advent says, it was "a celebration marked by much license and buffoonery." Scholars again differ on the reach and importance of this festival; some crown it as a n important "release valve" of the tensions and pressures of feudal society. Others, like Michel Foucault, downplay it. It was limited to northern France and a few other regions of Europe, and always opposed by the Church. The lesson for us is that this 'feast' was a folk celebration, not a church one, and its irreverence was tolerated by the Church because they couldn't stop it, more than it was encouraged as a way of reminding the peasants of their place in the hierarchy (a comparison to Christmas in the slave holding South will prove instructive here, if I remember to mention it again). Christmas, too, was a folk celebration, one more honored in the British South (thanks to the presence of the Episcopal church) than in Puritan New England (where it was officially banned for a time, in at least some of the New England states). Restad's history presents Christmas as largely a folk celebration, in contrast to Thanksgiving, which was vigorously promoted in the 19th century by Sara Josepha Hale, who did more than any individual to promote Thanksgiving as a national holiday (ironically, the objections to it were on church/state grounds. It was argued that a national day of giving thanks would violate the First Amendment, an objection that was finally obviated by the times, when Lincoln established what later became the holiday) Aside from the religious entanglement objection, Thanksgiving was regarded as more of a "New England" celebration than a national one, for much of that century. Christmas, on the other hand, crept into public celebrations from many lands and many hands, and was early on largely disconnected from any religious observance, and while promoted as connected to the Christchild, was really no more dependent upon Church sanction than it is now. The idea, in other words, that there was a "pure" Christmas observance in America once upon a time, which the marketplace or the public square corrupted, is as false as the idea that the Christmas celebration we know now descended in an almost unbroken line from the Roman Saturnalia. It just happens that people like an excuse to exchange gifts and eat a lot of food, and especially for people from a northern European culture, winter is a jolly good time to do that.
Christmas that year, not one to look forward to, was one we should alway look back on.
After the first table [old Texas tradition my family carried on with in my childhood: the men ate first, then retired, and the women and children ate. Yeah, my wife was appalled by that, too, and it was long before we were married that she encountered it.] the men and the bigger boys built up a big fire in the pasture between the house and the front gate. Then, while the women stood on the front porch to watch, Uncle Charlie gave the little children firecrackers and showed them how to shoot them. He put a paper fuse against a live coal. When it had lighted he threw it away from the fire into the dark."Don't ever let one go off in your hand," he said, "And don't throw it close to nobody. Somebody might get hurt."While we went through the firecrackers he had given us, the men made a trip back to the kitchen. This time they brought the jug with them and set it in the back end of a wagon. They brought out more fireworks, and Monroe had the sack of powder in his coat pocket."Time for a roman candle," Uncle Charlie said.He took a long red roman candle and went to the fire."You all watch now," he said, "I'm gonna hold it like I was aiming to shoot the gate."
Uncle Charlie was not ready for the fun to be over. He went up the steps and across the front porch. Aunt Niece was standing in the door, with the lamplight behind her. He lifted her chin with his fingers and went on past her, to the chimney corner where he kept his double-barreled shotgun. Then he came out with the gun under his arm and a box of shells in his hand.Near the fire, he loaded both barrels and set the stock against his shoulder."You aiming at the gate?" Othal asked."You got to aim at something."He fired, and after the first blast we heard shot rattle against the gate."Got it first shot," Othal said, and ran for his own gun.In no time at all, five guns were blazing away at the gate, and the little children were running for hiding places under the house. I shivered at the sound, but felt safe, for their backs were to us and they were aiming at the gate.Then Othal came running around the house, loading and firing as he ran, and some of the others took after him. The women had run inside, but I could hear them telling the men to stop. Too scared to stay under the house, I crawled out and started for the door. In the darkness I can straight into Otha's knees, and he let a double-barreled blast go off right over my head, leaving a burning flash in my eyes and a ringing in my ears.
Uncle Charlie came in with a backstick for the fireplace. My grandmother was waiting for him."You ruint the gate," she said."I reckon we did."He laughed and the light in his blue eyes showed he was not sorry. She frowned and went out to the front porch.Aunt Niece came in, with a peeled orange in her hand."Christmas gift," he said to her.She went up to him and stuck a slice of orange between his teeth. They were both laughing without making a sound, and once he leaned over and kissed her."I had me some Christmas," he said.
Not so long ago, that story. It wasn't just in the 1800's that Christmas was a lot different. But I cite it because this is precisely the celebration of Christmas the Puritans despised. And frankly, when Christmas Day is spent either in the glow of unbridled lust (wanting goods is as lustful as wanting sexual congress), or the afterglow of "Now what?", I think we could do with a bit more of a raucous Christmas celebration. Sometimes I think we vanquished the Puritans, and still the Puritans won.
We forget, too, that America initially had no holidays. Europe had them because of the church, which was universal throughout the different countries of Europe, and because of local customs. But without a universal church, or established local customs, America went, for almost a century, without any national holiday which all citizens could claim as their own. Ironically, again, that holiday became Christmas; but not because all Americans were, or were even presumed to be, Christians.
Stephen Nissenbaum argues that the American Christmas was formed more by Clement Clark Moore's poem than any other single source. (He also thinks Moore's poem shows the transformation of gift giving from peer to peer (or husband to wife, or employer to employee, as seen in A Christmas Carol), to parent to child. For Nissenbaum, Moore's "jolly old elf" is a harmless peddler with a sack of goods, which he gives rather than sells, and leaves for the children. It's not that Moore invented the custom, but that he popularized it.) Accepting Nissenbaum's position arguendo, what is most notable about "The Night Before Christmas" is that it creates a holiday and the celebration of it, without ever getting closer to religion than the word "Christmas" (which the Puritan New Englanders despised as a "Romish" word, but which, by Moore's day, had lost almost all religious connotation). This was more a feature than a bug in the 19th century. Dicken's Christmas Carol comes closer to invoking the religious reasons for the season, but he does it mostly in terms of Victorian sentimentality, than in terms of any church doctrine. Penne Restad points out that Christmas was grabbed onto by merchants in America almost as soon as it emerged as a public celebration. The emergence of the holiday coincided with a renewed interest in the power and importance of domesticity, an interest probably prompted by the Industrial Revolution and the quick acceptance by Americans of the ideals of the Romantic movement (especially the importance of children as children). Personally, I think the tradition arose from a combination of Romanticism and the Pietistic movement of the 17th century, which effects lingered long in a Protestant dominated culture, but Restad makes clear the connections between the desires for domestic values and the importance of a uniting holiday, one everyone could gather into despite cultural ("Germany" as we know it, for example, didn't exist in the 19th century. We often overlook how many cultural differences there were between Europeans, differences that carried over into America) and doctrinal differences. In this sense, Christmas was the first truly "American" holiday. Grafted onto European roots, without doubt; but made a holiday both observant Christians and non-Christians (and yes, there were some, even in the 19th century!) could engage in. It's not at all insignificant that Christmas in America began almost as a religious observance almost anyone could join, and quickly became a public holiday everyone could revel in. And aside from the Puritan's objections to the holiday's Catholic roots, it was the revelry they objected to almost as much.

Where were we then? Oh, yes: Christmas has always been two things at once, especially in America. It's never been a particularly religious holiday, so much as it's been a holiday named for and celebrated around a religious observance (which is still more honored in the breach than in the keeping). Christmas became, almost as soon as it was universally celebrated, a celebration of hearth and home, of domesticity (to this day, does a Christmas tree remind you first of Rockefeller Center, or of your childhood home?) Restad shows us that the Christmas tree itself became an American custom because it came with stories of German families gathered around a small tree on a table top, revealed in all its decorations and offerings of presents by the parents to the excited children. It was the American twist that the tree got bigger and bigger until it had to scrape whatever ceiling it was placed under from the floor on which it had to sit. Some things truly never change.
In their comprehension of poverty and its solutions, most Americans moved little beyond Dickens. They believed their Christmas generosity praiseworthy. Charles Dudley Warner thought the present American Christmas to be "fuller of real charity and brotherly love, and nearer the Divine intention" than earlier Christmases. The New York Tribune found the holiday "hearty and generous-minded, [full of] good-cheer and open-handed hospitality." "Nowhere in Christendom," it contended, "are the poor remembered at Christmas-tide so generously as they are in American cities, especially in our own."Penne L. Restad, Christmas in America, p. 139, 140
In this show of self-congratulation, Americans persisted in seeing poor relief as a matter of individual action to be undertaken on much the same terms as gift-giving within the circle of family. That is, Christmas was the time to give. The best and largest gifts went to those closest to the circle's center. The lesser gifts, in descending order of value, went out to relatives and acquaintances of decreasing importance. The worthy poor, as the outermost members of the larger community family, received gifts too, though the least valuable of all the gifts given.
Perhaps I should explain who the "worthy poor" were:
A sense that there were those who were worthy of relief and those who were not qualified the attention devoted to poverty relief [after the Civil War], though. Children almost always deserved aid, as did honest women. Seldom did the same plea go out for men. A seasonal article on the New York Tribune implored the public to provide for poor children. In 1877, it reminded readers that most Americans were "Christian people," and advised them to try their best to keep children from being deprived at this time "when they think that all good gifts and gladness come straight from Him whose birthday it is." At the same time, the paper advised the sympathetic to ignore plain street beggars.As Restad notes:
The sentimentalization of "worthy paupers" at Christmas time, whether in fact or in fiction, did not bring into question the essential structure of the market economy that had, if only indirectly, produced their poverty. Instead, it imbued destitute women and vagabond children with admirable qualities that existed apart from materialism, perhaps even as substitues for tangible wealth. It also aroused the sympathies of readers by giving a face to poverty, and placed the means of solving the problems of hunger and homelessness in the hands of individuals.(p. 135)I've learned to look to history for lessons in how we got here, and to understand culture as a genetic inheritance (metaphorically speaking) almost as pre-determined as eye color or gender. we think what we think and act the way we act in part because of who our ancestors were, and what they passed on as important and valuable. The "worthy poor" is an interesting category, especially at this season of the year, when even the most unbelieving among us is encouraged to reflect on the lessons of the man who grew up from the Christchild. Well, perhaps lessons is not the right word. As Bob Cratchit puts it to his wife, speaking of his youngest son:
"Somehow he gets thoughtful sitting by himself so much, and thinks the strangest things you ever heard. He told me, coming home, that he hoped the people saw him in the church, because he was a cripple, and it might be pleasant to them to remember upon Christmas Day, who made lame beggars walk, and blind men see."We don't, after all, want to be reminded that Jesus never put a faith test before someone before Jesus would speak to them, and the one time it is recorded that he did, the Syro-Phoenician woman rebukes him quite accurately. We still prefer our Jesus be more like us, and to start him up from childhood that way, every new year.
I'm well aware of the John Cheever story about Christmas being a sad season for the poor. First it crossed my mind as just a good post title; then I reflected on how much it represents that American ideal that individual actions can alleviate poverty for the "worthy poor." I can't think of a story that illustrates that better than Cheever's. It's not really a question of generosity, even, because that question gets down to the issue of ownership in the first place. Restad notes in her history of Christmas in America that it was the affluence and abundance produced after the Civil War that led people to think of widening the circle of their gift-giving, to begin to include at all the "worthy poor." Hard to condemn such compassion, and any critique of it looks just like that: condemnation. But there were other voices, even in the 19th century, even in America:
People nowadays interchange gifts and favors out of friendship, but buying and selling is considered absolutely inconsistent with the mutual benevolence which should prevail between citizens and the sense of community of interest which supports our social system. According to our ideas, buying and selling is essentially anti-social in all its tendencies. It is an education in self-seeking at the expense of others, and no society whose citizens are trained in such a school can possibly rise above a very low grade of civilizationThere was a story about a Christmas yard display in Detroit that was too political for some of the neighbors. And generally that's our line on Christmas: we want to reserve it "for the children," and of course, that's still how we think of the "worthy poor," as children. Hard to think of men as children, so they get excluded from the "worthy poor" very easily. We also don't like quotes like those above associated with our Christmas revels. Fair enough. But perhaps even at Christmas we could look again at the ideas of scarcity and abundance, and consider again whether charity really means merely scraping the crumbs off our tables, or if it means something more.
-- Edward Bellamy
The ultimate aim of production is not production of goods but the production of free human beings associated with one another on terms of equality.
-- John Dewey
I confess that I am not charmed with the ideal of life held out by those who think that the normal state of human beings is that of struggling to get on; that the trampling, crushing, elbowing, and treading on each other's heels, which form the existing type of social life, are the most desirable lot of human beings
-- John Stuart Mill
The gross national product includes air pollution and advertising for cigarettes, and ambulances to clear our highways of carnage. It counts special locks for our doors, and jails for the people who break them ... It does not allow for the health of our families, the quality of their education, or the joy of their play.
-- Robert F. Kennedy
We must recognize that we can't solve our problems now until there is a radical redistribution of economic and political power....[What is required is] a radical restructuring of the architecture of American society.
-- Martin Luther King, Jr
Christmas is a sad season for the poor; but that doesn't mean it has to be; or that our charity has to be based on sorrow, either.
So is our Christmas ruined by all this commercialism? Depends on whether or not you agree with Linus about "what Christmas is all about." I like his answer, personally. But that's the answer for some of us; it isn't, and doesn't have to be, the answer for all of us. Let it be unto you according to your...well, faith, is how the German E&R Church concluded that blessing. But this isn't necessarily a matter of faith. So let it be unto you according to your best interest. Keep Christmas as it best suits you. And may it be a blessing unto you. Now, and into the ages.

Music for Advent: A Playlist (Excerpt)
First Wednesday of Advent 2025
Gladness in God's house
122:1 I was glad when they said to me, "Let us go to the house of the LORD!"
122:2 Our feet are standing within your gates, O Jerusalem.
122:3 Jerusalem built as a city that is bound firmly together.
122:4 To it the tribes go up, the tribes of the LORD, as was decreed for Israel, to give thanks to the name of the LORD.
122:5 For there the thrones for judgment were set up, the thrones of the house of David.
122:6 Pray for the peace of Jerusalem: "May they prosper who love you.
122:7 Peace be within your walls and security within your towers."
122:8 For the sake of my relatives and friends I will say, "Peace be within you."
122:9 For the sake of the house of the LORD our God, I will seek your good.






